Relationship between Apical Periodontitis and Metabolic Syndrome and Cardiovascular Events: A Cross-Sectional Study
Open Access
- 4 October 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by MDPI AG in Journal of Clinical Medicine
- Vol. 9 (10), 3205
- https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm9103205
Abstract
Aim: Both apical periodontitis (AP) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ACVD), the main cause of cardiovascular events. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of AP and the oral inflammatory burden in control subjects and patients suffering cardiovascular events, analyzing the possible association between AP and the oral inflammatory burden with MetS. Materials and Methods: Using a cross-sectional design, 83 patients suffering a cardiovascular event were recruited in the study group (SG), and 48 patients without cardiovascular events were included in the control group (CG). Periapical index (PAI) was used to diagnose AP, and total dental index (TDI) was used to assess the total oral inflammatory burden. Diagnosis of MetS was made by meeting three or more American Heart Association Scientific Statement components. Results: In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, the number of teeth with AP (OR = 2.3; 95% C.I. = 1.3–4.3; p = 0.006) and TDI scores (OR = 1.5; 95% C.I. = 1.2–1.9; p = 0.001), significantly correlated with cardiovascular events. MetS was strongly associated (OR = 18.0; 95% C.I. = 6.5–49.7; p = 0000) with cardiovascular events. Higher TDI scores were significantly associated with MetS (OR = 1.3; 95% C.I. = 1.1–1.6; p = 0.003. Neither the number of root-filled teeth (RFT) (OR = 0.9; 95% C.I. = 0.6–1.3; p = 0.61) nor the number of teeth with apical periodontitis (OR = 1.1; 95% C.I. = 0.8–1.7; p = 0.49) were associated with MetS. Conclusions: Apical periodontitis is significantly associated with cardiovascular events. Total oral inflammatory burden assessed by TDI, but not AP alone, is associated with MetS.This publication has 77 references indexed in Scilit:
- The occurrence of dental caries is associated with atherosclerosisClinics, 2013
- Periodontal disease: the influence of metabolic syndromeNutrition & Metabolism, 2012
- Validity of Self-reported History of Endodontic Treatment in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of AgingJournal of Endodontics, 2012
- Harmonizing the Metabolic SyndromeCirculation, 2009
- Cardiovascular disease and periodontitis: an update on the associations and riskJournal of Clinical Periodontology, 2008
- Frequency of root‐filled teeth and prevalence of apical periodontitis in an adult Turkish populationInternational Endodontic Journal, 2007
- Dental Infections and Cardiovascular Diseases: A ReviewThe Journal of Periodontology, 2005
- Diagnosis and Management of the Metabolic SyndromeCirculation, 2005
- Association Between Acute Cerebrovascular Ischemia and Chronic and Recurrent InfectionStroke, 1997
- Association between dental health and acute myocardial infarction.BMJ, 1989