Effects of dry period length on production, cash flows and greenhouse gas emissions of the dairy herd: A dynamic stochastic simulation model
Open Access
- 27 October 2017
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Public Library of Science (PLoS) in PLOS ONE
- Vol. 12 (10), e0187101
- https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0187101
Abstract
Shortening or omitting the dry period of dairy cows improves metabolic health in early lactation and reduces management transitions for dairy cows. The success of implementation of these strategies depends on their impact on milk yield and farm profitability. Insight in these impacts is valuable for informed decision-making by farmers. The aim of this study was to investigate how shortening or omitting the dry period of dairy cows affects production and cash flows at the herd level, and greenhouse gas emissions per unit of milk, using a dynamic stochastic simulation model. The effects of dry period length on milk yield and calving interval assumed in this model were derived from actual performance of commercial dairy cows over multiple lactations. The model simulated lactations, and calving and culling events of individual cows for herds of 100 cows. Herds were simulated for 5 years with a dry period of 56 (conventional), 28 or 0 days (n = 50 herds each). Partial cash flows were computed from revenues from sold milk, calves, and culled cows, and costs from feed and rearing youngstock. Greenhouse gas emissions were computed using a life cycle approach. A dry period of 28 days reduced milk production of the herd by 3.0% in years 2 through 5, compared with a dry period of 56 days. A dry period of 0 days reduced milk production by 3.5% in years 3 through 5, after a dip in milk production of 6.9% in year 2. On average, dry periods of 28 and 0 days reduced partial cash flows by €1,249 and €1,632 per herd per year, and increased greenhouse gas emissions by 0.7% and 0.5%, respectively. Considering the potential for enhancing cow welfare, these negative impacts of shortening or omitting the dry period seem justifiable, and they might even be offset by improved health.This publication has 49 references indexed in Scilit:
- Evaluation of a feeding strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from dairy farming: The level of analysis mattersAgricultural Systems, 2013
- Greenhouse gas emissions from the EU livestock sector: A life cycle assessment carried out with the CAPRI modelAgriculture, Ecosystems & Environment, 2012
- Economic consequences of reproductive performance in dairy cattleTheriogenology, 2010
- Feeding- and management-related diseases in the transition cow: Physiological adaptations around calving and strategies to reduce feeding-related diseasesAnimal Feed Science and Technology, 2006
- Minimum days dry to maximize milk yield in subsequent lactationAnimal Research, 2005
- The environmental impact of fertility in dairy cows: a modelling approach to predict methane and ammonia emissionsAnimal Feed Science and Technology, 2004
- Energy balance relationships with follicular development, ovulation and fertility in postpartum dairy cowsLivestock Production Science, 2003
- The Dutch protein evaluation system: the DVE/OEB-systemLivestock Production Science, 1994
- Effects of different dry period lengths on production and economy in the dairy herd estimated by stochastic simulationLivestock Production Science, 1993
- Feed evaluation for dairy cowsLivestock Production Science, 1975