Démarginaliser l’intersection de la race et du sexe : une critique féministe noire du droit antidiscriminatoire, de la théorie féministe et des politiques de l’antiracisme

Abstract

In this seminal work, K. Crenshaw introduces the concept of “intersectionality” to refer to the “compoundness” of subordination due to multiple factors such as race, gender, age, sexuality, etc. She first focuses on three legal cases that dealt with the issues of both racial and sex discrimination to show the limits of “single issue analyses”: DeGraffenreid v. General Motors, Moore v. Hughes Helicopter, Inc., and Payne v. Travenol. In none of these cases, did courts allow Black women plaintiffs to allege discrimination on the basis of both race and gender. Crenshaw shows that it is necessary to conceive the intersectionality of discriminations in order to understand and correct the particular situation of Black women. In a second step, she broadens the reflection to the sociopolitical framework and suggests that the condition of black women must be better taken into account by both feminist and anti-racist movements.