Dynamics of DHA and EPA supplementation: incorporation into equine plasma, synovial fluid, and surfactant glycerophosphocholines
- 17 April 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Metabolomics
- Vol. 17 (5), 1-10
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s11306-021-01792-5
Abstract
Introduction Horses with asthma or osteoarthritis frequently receive ω-3 fatty acid supplements. Docosahexaenoic (DHA; 22:6) and eicosapentaenoic (EPA; 20:5) acids are essential ω-3 fatty acid precursors of anti-inflammatory mediators and components of structural glycerophospholipids (GPL) that act as reservoirs of these fatty acids. Analysis of the incorporation of dietary DHA + EPA into GPL pools in different body compartments has not been undertaken in horses. Objectives We undertook a detailed study of dietary supplementation with DHA + EPA in horses and monitored incorporation into DHA- and EPA-containing glycerophosphocholines (GPC) 38:5, 38:6, 40:5, and 40:6 in plasma, synovial fluid (SF), and surfactant. Methods Horses (n = 20) were randomly assigned to the supplement or control group and evaluated on days 0, 30, 60, and 90. GPC in plasma, SF, and surfactant were measured by high-resolution mass spectrometry with less than 3 ppm mass error. Validation of DHA and EPA incorporation into these GPC was conducted utilizing MS2 of the [M + Cl]− adducts of GPC. Results Dietary supplementation resulted in augmented levels of GPC 38:5, 38:6, 40:5, and 40:6 in all compartments. Maximum incorporation into GPCs was delayed until 60 days. Significant increases in the levels of GPC 38:5, 40:5, and 40:6, containing docosapentaenoic acid (DPA; 22:5), also was noted. Conclusions DHA and EPA supplementation results in augmented storage pools of ω-3 essential fatty acids in SF and surfactant GPC. This has the potential to improve the ability of anti-inflammatory mechanisms to resolve inflammatory pathways in these critical compartments involved in arthritis and asthma.Funding Information
- Lincoln Memorial University College of Veterinary Medicine
This publication has 60 references indexed in Scilit:
- A Lipidomic Study of Phospholipid Classes and Species in Human Synovial FluidArthritis & Rheumatism, 2013
- Lipid and lipid mediator profiling of human synovial fluid in rheumatoid arthritis patients by means of LC–MS/MSBiochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids, 2012
- Mechanisms for anti-inflammatory effects of 1-[15(S)-hydroxyeicosapentaenoyl] lysophosphatidylcholine, administered intraperitoneally, in zymosan A-induced peritonitisBritish Journal of Pharmacology, 2011
- Surfactant alterations in horses with recurrent airway obstruction at various clinical stagesAmerican Journal of Veterinary Research, 2010
- Circulating fatty acid profiles in response to three levels of dietary omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in horses1Journal of Animal Science, 2008
- Lung Surfactant Function and Composition in Neonatal Foals and Adult HorsesJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2006
- Lung Surfactant Function and Composition in Neonatal Foals and Adult HorsesJournal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2006
- Recurrent airway obstruction—heavesVeterinary Clinics of North America: Equine Practice, 2003
- Effects of high‐dose fish oil on rheumatoid arthritis after stopping nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs clinical and immune correlatesArthritis & Rheumatism, 1995
- A RAPID METHOD OF TOTAL LIPID EXTRACTION AND PURIFICATIONCanadian Journal of Biochemistry and Physiology, 1959