Reelin signaling modulates GABABreceptor function in the neocortex

Abstract

Reelin is a protein that is best known for its role in controlling neuronal layer formation in the developing cortex. Here, we studied its role for post-natal cortical network function, which is poorly explored. To preclude early cortical migration defects caused by Reelin deficiency, we used a conditional Reelin knock-out (Reln(cKO)) mouse, and induced Reelin deficiency post-natally. Induced Reelin deficiency caused hyperexcitability of the neocortical network in vitro and ex vivo. Blocking Reelin binding to its receptors ApoER2 and VLDLR resulted in a similar effect. Hyperexcitability in Reln(cKO)organotypic slice cultures could be rescued by co-culture with wild-type organotypic slice cultures. Moreover, the GABA(B)receptor (GABA(B)R) agonist baclofen failed to activate and the antagonist CGP35348 failed to block GABA(B)Rs in Reln(cKO)mice. Immunolabeling of Reln(cKO)cortical slices revealed a reduction in GABA(B)R1 and GABA(B)R2 surface expression at the plasma membrane and western blot of Reln(cKO)cortical tissue revealed decreased phosphorylation of the GABA(B)R2 subunit at serine 892 and increased phosphorylation at serine 783, reflecting receptor deactivation and proteolysis. These data show a role of Reelin in controlling early network activity, by modulating GABA(B)R function.