Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM): Guidance on Validation of the Operational Criteria for the Diagnosis of Protein‐Energy Malnutrition in Adults
- 11 June 2020
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
- Vol. 44 (6), 992-1003
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jpen.1806
Abstract
Background The Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) created a consensus‐based framework consisting of phenotypic and etiologic criteria to record the occurrence of malnutrition in adults. This is a minimum set of practicable indicators for use in characterizing a patient/client as malnourished, considering the global variations in screening and nutrition assessment, and to be used across different healthcare settings. As with other consensus‐based frameworks for diagnosing disease states, these operational criteria require validation and reliability testing, as they are currently based solely on expert opinion. Methods Several forms of validation and reliability are reviewed in the context of GLIM, providing guidance on how to conduct retrospective and prospective studies for criterion and construct validity. Results There are some aspects of GLIM that require refinement; research using large databases can be employed to reach this goal. Machine learning is also introduced as a potential method to support identification of the best cut points and combinations of indicators for use with the different forms of malnutrition, which the GLIM criteria were created to denote. It is noted as well that validation and reliability testing need to occur in a variety of sectors and populations and with diverse persons using GLIM criteria. Conclusion The guidance presented supports the conduct and publication of quality validation and reliability studies for GLIM.Keywords
This publication has 36 references indexed in Scilit:
- Consensus Statement of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics/American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition: Characteristics Recommended for the Identification and Documentation of Adult Malnutrition (Undernutrition)Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 2012
- Consensus Statement: Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics and American Society for Parenteral and Enteral NutritionJournal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, 2012
- Assessing the value of diagnostic tests: a framework for designing and evaluating trialsBMJ, 2012
- Reliability and validity in a nutshellJournal of Clinical Nursing, 2009
- A rational approach to nutritional assessmentClinical Nutrition, 2008
- Nutrition Screening vs Nutrition Assessment: How Do They Differ?Nutrition in Clinical Practice, 2008
- Evidence based practice guidelines for the nutritional management of cancer cachexiaNutrition & Dietetics, 2006
- Validity and reliability of SCREEN II (Seniors in the Community: Risk evaluation for eating and nutrition, Version II)European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 2005
- Validity of nutritional screening and assessment toolsNutrition, 2004
- Nutritional AssessmentThe New England Journal of Medicine, 1982