Fungicide Efficacy on Tar Spot and Yield of Corn in the Midwestern United States

Abstract

Tar spot of corn caused by Phyllachora maydis has recently led to significant yield losses in the eastern corn belt of the Midwestern United States. Foliar fungicides containing quinone outside inhibitors (QoI), demethylation inhibitors (DMI), and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) are commonly used to manage foliar diseases in corn. To mitigate the losses from tar spot, 13 foliar fungicides containing single or multiple modes of action (MOA/Fungicide Resistance Action Committee groups) were applied at their recommended rates in a single application at the standard VT/R1 (tassel/silk) growth stage timing to evaluate their efficacy against tar spot in a total of eight field trials in Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin during 2019 and 2020. The single MOA fungicides included either a QoI or DMI. The dual MOA fungicides included a DMI with either a QoI or SDHI, and fungicides containing three MOAs included a QoI, DMI, and SDHI. Tar spot severity estimated as the percentage of leaf area covered by P. maydis stroma on the ear leaf of the nontreated control at dent growth stage ranged from 1.6 to 23.3% in the trials. Averaged across eight field trials all foliar fungicide treatments significantly reduced tar spot severity, but only Delaro 325SE (prothioconazole + trifloxystrobin), Revytek 3.33LC (mefentrifluconazole + pyraclostrobin + fluxapyroxad), and Veltyma 3.34S (mefentrifluconazole + pyraclostrobin) significantly increased yield over the nontreated control. When comparing groups of fungicide treatments by the number of MOAs, foliar fungicide products that had two or three MOAs decreased tar spot severity over not treating and products with one MOA. In addition, the fungicide group that contained all three MOAs significantly increased yield over not treating with a fungicide or using a single MOA group.