The history of world literature presupposes the coverage of those phenomena and processes that bring together various national literatures, certain groups of them [1]. The discovery of such sides will help to better and deeper understand both the composition and the plot features of adventure genres. The poetics of adventure prose has been sufficiently studied in many national literatures. Nevertheless, to date, the issues in the comparative perspective remain unresolved. In this sense, it is important to take into account the changed attitudes towards such areas of Chuvash fiction as fiction, detective, adventure, which have become very fascinating for modern readers. In terms of genre, they are short stories, novellas and novels. They are united by the commonality of the characters' lives, conflict situations and circumstances, ways of plotting. The article is devoted to the problem of studying adventure genres in literary studies of the Ural-Volga region, the manifestation of elements of adventure in artistic practice, the typology of the plot and the typology of heroes are investigated, attention is also paid to their plot-compositional features, to certain features of the hero, the nature of situations and circumstances.