With the increased popularity of dental implant therapy for the replacement of missing teeth, a need arose for a method to provide patients with bony support for these implants in cases where alveolar ridges volume were insufficient for implant placement. The posterior region of the maxillary alveolar ridge is an ideal example with severe atrophy of ridge due to faster resorption and pneumatisation of the maxillary sinus. This often required sinus floor elevation and grafting. The techniques of sinus floor elevation started early in the 1970s as direct sinus lift to indirect sinus lift with osteotomes in the 1990s and recently computer-guided templates being used for this purpose. This article enumerates various techniques available for sinus floor elevation and their complications and management.