Exploring the Different Degrees of Magnetic Disorder in TbxR1−xCu2 Nanoparticle Alloys
Open Access
- 28 October 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by MDPI AG in Nanomaterials
- Vol. 10 (11), 2148
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nano10112148
Abstract
Recently, potential technological interest has been revealed for the production of magnetocaloric alloys using Rare-Earth intermetallics. In this work, three series of TbRCu (R ≡ Gd, La, Y) alloys have been produced in bulk and nanoparticle sizes via arc melting and high energy ball milling. Rietveld refinements of the X-ray and Neutron diffraction patterns indicate that the crystalline structure in all alloys is consistent with TbCu orthorhombic bulk crystalline structure. The analyses of the DC-magnetisation () and AC-susceptibility () show that three distinct degrees of disorder have been achieved by the combination of both the Tb replacement (dilution) and the nanoscaling. These disordered states are characterised by transitions which are evident to , and specific heat. There exists an evolution from the most ordered Superantiferromagnetic arrangement of the TbLaCu NPs with Néel temperature, 27 K, and freezing temperature, 7 K, to the less ordered weakly interacting Superparamagnetism of the TbYCu nanoparticles ( absent, and T 3 K). The Super Spin Glass TbGdCu nanoparticles ( absent, and 20 K) are considered an intermediate disposition in between those two extremes, according to their enhanced random-bond contribution to frustration.
Keywords
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