油水分离是旨在解决工业含油废水和溢油污染以及环境保护的实际应用的重要领域，最近，对具有疏水性能的吸油材料在油水分离中的作用吸引了很多人注意。本文通过总结了用于油/水分离的疏水性吸油材料设计、制造和最新发展，介绍了设计思路，概述了其制造方法，并讨论了特殊的润湿性对分离的作用。最后，讨论了该主题的挑战和未来展望。 Oil/water separation is an important field for the practical application of industrial oily wastewater and oil spill pollution. Recently, the role of oil-absorbing materials with hydrophobic properties in oil-water separation has attracted a lot of attention. This paper summarizes the design, manufacture and latest development of hydrophobic oil-absorbing materials for oil/water separation, introduces the design ideas, outlines the manufacturing methods, and discusses the effects of special wettability on separation. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of the topic are discussed.