Peroxisomal Metabolite and Cofactor Transport in Humans
Open Access
- 11 January 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Abstract
Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles involved in many metabolic pathways and essential for human health. They harbor a large number of enzymes involved in the different pathways, thus requiring transport of substrates, products and cofactors involved across the peroxisomal membrane. Although much progress has been made in understanding the permeability properties of peroxisomes, there are still important gaps in our knowledge about the peroxisomal transport of metabolites and cofactors. In this review, we discuss the different modes of transport of metabolites and essential cofactors, including CoA, NAD+, NADP+, FAD, FMN, ATP, heme, pyridoxal phosphate, and thiamine pyrophosphate across the peroxisomal membrane. This transport can be mediated by non-selective pore-forming proteins, selective transport proteins, membrane contact sites between organelles, and co-import of cofactors with proteins. We also discuss modes of transport mediated by shuttle systems described for NAD+/NADH and NADP+/NADPH. We mainly focus on current knowledge on human peroxisomal metabolite and cofactor transport, but also include knowledge from studies in plants, yeast, fruit fly, zebrafish, and mice, which has been exemplary in understanding peroxisomal transport mechanisms in general.Keywords
This publication has 224 references indexed in Scilit:
- The human flavoproteomeArchives of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 2013
- Precursor of ether phospholipids is synthesized by a flavoenzyme through covalent catalysisProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2012
- Human Fatty Acid Transport Protein 2a/Very Long Chain Acyl-CoA Synthetase 1 (FATP2a/Acsvl1) Has a Preference in Mediating the Channeling of Exogenous n-3 Fatty Acids into PhosphatidylinositolOnline Journal of Public Health Informatics, 2011
- The role of ELOVL1 in very long‐chain fatty acid homeostasis and X‐linked adrenoleukodystrophyEMBO Molecular Medicine, 2010
- Methylation of a single intronic CpG mediates expression silencing of the PMP24 gene in prostate cancerThe Prostate, 2010
- VDAC2 is required for truncated BID‐induced mitochondrial apoptosis by recruiting BAK to the mitochondriaEMBO Reports, 2009
- Active Site and Loop 4 Movements within Human Glycolate Oxidase: Implications for Substrate Specificity and Drug DesignBiochemistry, 2008
- Structure and mechanism of ABC transporter proteinsCurrent Opinion in Structural Biology, 2007
- Metabolite transport across the peroxisomal membraneBiochemical Journal, 2006
- Knockout of Slc25a19 causes mitochondrial thiamine pyrophosphate depletion, embryonic lethality, CNS malformations, and anemiaProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2006