Membrane-Based Processes to Obtain High-Quality Water From Brewery Wastewater
Open Access
- 14 September 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Chemical Engineering
Abstract
Water reuse is a safe and often the least energy-intensive method of providing water from non-conventional sources in water stressed regions. Although public perception can be a challenge, water reuse is gaining acceptance. Recent advances in membrane technology allow for reclamation of wastewater through the production of high-quality treated water, including potable reuse. This study takes an in-depth evaluation of a combination of membrane-based tertiary processes for its application in reuse of brewery wastewater, and is one of the few studies that evaluates long-term membrane performance at the pilot-scale. Two different advanced tertiary treatment trains were tested with secondary wastewater from a brewery wastewater treatment plant (A) ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO), and (B) ozonation, coagulation, microfiltration with ceramic membranes (MF) and RO. Three specific criteria were used for membrane comparison: 1) pilot plant optimisation to identify ideal operating conditions, 2) Clean-In-Place (CIP) procedures to restore permeability, and 3) final water quality obtained. Both UF and Micro-Filtration membranes were operated at increasing fluxes, filtration intervals and alternating phases of backwash (BW) and chemically enhanced backwash (CEB) to control fouling. Operation of polymeric UF membranes was optimized at a flux of 25–30 LMH with 15–20 min of filtration time to obtain longer production periods and avoid frequent CIP membrane cleaning procedures. Combination of ozone and coagulation with ceramic MF membranes resulted in high flux values up to 120 LMH with CEB:BW ratios of 1:4 to 1:10. Coagulation doses of 3–6 ppm were required to deal with the high concentrations of polyphenols (coagulation inhibitors) in the feed, but higher concentrations led to increasing fouling resistance of the MF membrane. Varying the ozone concentration stepwise from 0 to 25 mg/L had no noticeable effect on coagulation. The most effective cleaning strategy was found to be a combination of 2000 mg/L NaOCl followed by 5% HCl which enabled to recover permeability up to 400 LMH·bar−1. Both polymeric UF and ceramic MF membranes produced effluents that fulfil the limits of the national regulatory framework for reuse in industrial services (RD 1620/2007). Coupling to the RO units in both tertiary trains led to further water polishing and an improved treated water quality.This publication has 27 references indexed in Scilit:
- The treatment of brewery wastewater for reuse: State of the artDesalination, 2011
- A multi-barrier osmotic dilution process for simultaneous desalination and purification of impaired waterJournal of Membrane Science, 2010
- Membrane filtration technologies applied to municipal secondary effluents for potential reuseJournal of Hazardous Materials, 2010
- Comparison of optional process configurations and operating conditions for ceramic membrane MF coupled with coagulation/flocculation pre-treatment for the removal of NOM in drinking water productionJournal of Water Supply: Research and Technology—AQUA, 2010
- Evaluation of an innovative polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ultrafiltration membrane for wastewater treatmentSeparation and Purification Technology, 2009
- Application of ceramic membranes with pre-ozonation for treatment of secondary wastewater effluentWater Research, 2009
- Water recycling and reuse in EUREAU countries: Trends and challengesDesalination, 2008
- Role of ozone for reducing fouling due to pharmaceuticals in MF (microfiltration) processJournal of Membrane Science, 2007
- Screening membranes for COD removal from dilute wastewaterDesalination, 2006
- Regeneration of brewery waste water using nanofiltrationWater Research, 2004