Role of CD4+ T Cells in the Control of Viral Infections: Recent Advances and Open Questions
Open Access
- 7 January 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by MDPI AG in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Vol. 22 (2), 523
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22020523
Abstract
CD4+ T cells orchestrate adaptive immune responses through their capacity to recruit and provide help to multiple immune effectors, in addition to exerting direct effector functions. CD4+ T cells are increasingly recognized as playing an essential role in the control of chronic viral infections. In this review, we present recent advances in understanding the nature of CD4+ T cell help provided to antiviral effectors. Drawing from our studies of natural human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) control, we then focus on the role of high-affinity T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes in mediating antiviral CD4+ T cell responses. Last, we discuss the role of TCR affinity in determining CD4+ T cell differentiation, reviewing the at times divergent studies associating TCR signal strength to the choice of a T helper 1 (Th1) or a T follicular helper (Tfh) cell fate.Funding Information
- Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hépatites Virales (18096 and ECTZ88800)
- Sidaction (AI25-1-02343/2344/2345)
- Institut Pasteur (Task Force SARS-CoV-2 TROPICORO)
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