Phylogenomic Analysis of Global Isolates of Canid Alphaherpesvirus 1
Open Access
- 9 December 2020
- Vol. 12 (12), 1421
- https://doi.org/10.3390/v12121421
Abstract
Canid alphaherpesvirus 1 (CHV-1) is a widespread pathogen of dogs with multiple associated clinical signs. There has been limited prior investigation into the genomics and phylogeny of this virus using whole viral genome analysis. Fifteen CHV-1 isolates were collected from animals with ocular disease based in the USA. Viral DNA was extracted for Illumina MiSeq full genome sequencing from each isolate. These data were combined with genomes of previously sequenced CHV-1 isolates obtained from hosts in the UK, Australia and Brazil. Genomic, recombinational and phylogenetic analysis were performed using multiple programs. Two isolates were separated into a clade apart from the remaining isolates and accounted for the majority of genomic distance (0.09%): one was obtained in 2019 from a USA-based host (ELAL-1) and the other in 2012 from a host in Brazil (BTU-1). ELAL-1 was found to contain variants previously reported in BTU-1 but also novel variants in the V57 gene region. Multiple non-synonymous variants were found in USA-based isolates in regions associated with antiviral resistance. Evidence of recombination was detected between ELAL-1 and BTU-1. Collectively, this represents evidence of trans-boundary transmission of a novel form of CHV-1, which highlights the importance of surveillance for this pathogen in domestic dog populations.Keywords
Funding Information
- AKC Canine Health Foundation (02681-A)
This publication has 38 references indexed in Scilit:
- MAFFT Multiple Sequence Alignment Software Version 7: Improvements in Performance and UsabilityMolecular Biology and Evolution, 2013
- Multiplex Sequencing of Seven Ocular Herpes Simplex Virus Type-1 Genomes: Phylogeny, Sequence Variability, and SNP DistributionInvestigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2011
- Sequence Variability in Clinical and Laboratory Isolates of Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Reveals New MutationsJournal of Virology, 2010
- Corneal ulceration associated with naturally occurring canine herpesvirus-1 infection in two adult dogsJournal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2006
- Application of Phylogenetic Networks in Evolutionary StudiesMolecular Biology and Evolution, 2005
- Detection of Canine Herpesvirus 1 in a wide range of tissues using the polymerase chain reactionVeterinary Microbiology, 1996
- Recombination in tissue culture between varicella‐zoster virus strainsJournal of Medical Virology, 1988
- The vaginal lesions of a bitch with a history of canine herpesvirus infection.The Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science, 1983
- Isolation of a herpesvirus from the canine genital tract: association with infertility, abortion and stillbirthsVeterinary Record, 1971
- The Susceptibility of Six‐Week old Puppies to Canine Herpes VirusJournal of Small Animal Practice, 1969