Immunogenic necroptosis in the anti-tumor photodynamic action of BAM-SiPc, a silicon(IV) phthalocyanine-based photosensitizer
- 24 August 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy
- Vol. 70 (2), 485-495
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00262-020-02700-x
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an anti-tumor modality which employs three individually non-toxic substances, including photosensitizer, light and oxygen, to produce a toxic effect. Besides causing damage to blood vessels that supply oxygen and nutrients to the tumor and killing the tumor by a direct cytotoxic effect, PDT has also been known to trigger an anti-tumor immune response. For instance, our previous study showed that PDT with BAM-SiPc, a silicon(IV) phthalocyanine based-photosensitizer, can not only eradicate the mouse CT26 tumor cells in a Balb/c mouse model, but also protect the mice against further re-challenge of the tumor cells through an immunomodulatory mechanism. To understand more about the immune effect, the biochemical actions of BAM-SiPc-PDT on CT26 cells were studied in the in vitro system. It was confirmed that the PDT treatment could induce immunogenic necroptosis in the tumor cells. Upon treatment, different damage-associated molecular patterns were exposed onto the cell surface or released from the cells. Among them, calreticulin was found to translocate to the cell membrane through a pathway similar to that in chemotherapy. The activation of immune response was also demonstrated by an increase in the expression of different chemokines.Keywords
Funding Information
- Research Grants Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (14171717)
This publication has 42 references indexed in Scilit:
- Necroptotic cell death in anti‐cancer therapyImmunological Reviews, 2017
- Post-translational modifications as key regulators of TNF-induced necroptosisCell Death & Disease, 2016
- Vaccination with Necroptotic Cancer Cells Induces Efficient Anti-tumor ImmunityCell Reports, 2016
- Anti-tumor immunity of BAM-SiPc-mediated vascular photodynamic therapy in a BALB/c mouse modelCellular & Molecular Immunology, 2015
- Immunogenic Cell Death in Cancer TherapyAnnual Review of Immunology, 2013
- Mechanisms of pre-apoptotic calreticulin exposure in immunogenic cell deathThe EMBO Journal, 2009
- Systemic antitumor protection by vascular-targeted photodynamic therapy involves cellular and humoral immunityCancer Immunology, Immunotherapy, 2008
- Calreticulin exposure dictates the immunogenicity of cancer cell deathNature Medicine, 2006
- Cell-Surface Calreticulin Initiates Clearance of Viable or Apoptotic Cells through trans-Activation of LRP on the PhagocyteCell, 2005
- Chemical inhibitor of nonapoptotic cell death with therapeutic potential for ischemic brain injuryNature Chemical Biology, 2005