Phytopathogenic mycobiom of raspberry varieties (Rubus idaeus L.) Joan J and Himbo-top in the conditions of organic production

Abstract

The results of researches of influence of raspberry plant varieties on the species composition of micromycetes in rhizospheric soil and on vegetative organs of plants in the conditions of organic production are given. The mycobiota of raspberry varieties Joan J and Himbo-Top during plant ontogenesis was analyzed and the species composition of phytopathogenic micromycetes in the rhizosphere and on plant leaves was established. It was found that the population is dominated by fungi of following species: Septoria rubi, West, Botrytis cinerea, Pers, Aspergillus niger, V. Tiegh, Alternaria alternata, (Fr.) Keissl., Fusarium graminearum, Schwabe, regardless of the phase of ontogenesis of plants that produce mycotoxins, and can cause disease in animals and humans. According to the results of research, it can be assumed that in the phase of inflorescence growth in the mycobiota of rhizospheric soil and on the vegetative organs of raspberry plants of Joan J and Himbo-Top the greatest competitiveness can be characterized by isolates of fungi Septoria rubi and Alternaria alternata. The obtained results indicate a significant differentiation of the studied varieties by the reaction of interaction between plants, microorganisms and the environment. Thus, while in the mycobiota of rhizospheric soil and vegetative organs of raspberry plants of the Joan J variety during intensive fruiting of plants the isolates of Aspergillus flavus fungi were characterized by the greatest competitiveness, in Himbo-Top cultivar the highest rates of radial growth were shown by isolates of Aspergillus oryzae and Alternaria alternata