Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and T Cells: From Mechanisms to Outcomes
- 15 January 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by The American Association of Immunologists in The Journal of Immunology
- Vol. 206 (2), 310-320
- https://doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.2001203
Abstract
Over the past decade, T cell immunotherapy has changed the face of cancer treatment, providing robust treatment options for several previously intractable cancers. Unfortunately, many epithelial tumors with high mortality rates respond poorly to immunotherapy, and an understanding of the key impediments is urgently required. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) comprise the most frequent nonneoplastic cellular component in most solid tumors. Far from an inert scaffold, CAFs significantly influence tumor neogenesis, persistence, and metastasis and are emerging as a key player in immunotherapy resistance. In this review, we discuss the physical and chemical barriers that CAFs place between effector T cells and their tumor cell targets, and the therapies poised to target them.Keywords
This publication has 160 references indexed in Scilit:
- Biological Characteristics and Genetic Heterogeneity between Carcinoma-Associated Fibroblasts and Their Paired Normal Fibroblasts in Human Breast CancerPLOS ONE, 2013
- High intratumoral expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) in colon cancer is associated with poorer patient prognosisTumor Biology, 2013
- Dependency of Colorectal Cancer on a TGF-β-Driven Program in Stromal Cells for Metastasis InitiationCancer Cell, 2012
- Prognostic gene-expression signature of carcinoma-associated fibroblasts in non-small cell lung cancerProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011
- Intratumor T helper type 2 cell infiltrate correlates with cancer-associated fibroblast thymic stromal lymphopoietin production and reduced survival in pancreatic cancerThe Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2011
- Bone Marrow-Derived Myofibroblasts Contribute to the Mesenchymal Stem Cell Niche and Promote Tumor GrowthCancer Cell, 2011
- Autocrine TGF-β and stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) signaling drives the evolution of tumor-promoting mammary stromal myofibroblastsProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2010
- Lymph node fibroblastic reticular cells directly present peripheral tissue antigen under steady-state and inflammatory conditionsThe Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2010
- Blockade of CTLA-4 on both effector and regulatory T cell compartments contributes to the antitumor activity of anti–CTLA-4 antibodiesThe Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2009
- The role of endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer progressionBritish Journal of Cancer, 2008