Modulation of the Functions of Goat Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells by Fasciola gigantica Thioredoxin Peroxidase In Vitro
Open Access
- 17 September 2020
- Vol. 9 (9), 758
- https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9090758
Abstract
The liver fluke Fasciola gigantica has a remarkable ability to establish a long-term infection within the hepatobiliary system of the mammalian definitive host. F. gigantica achieves this by producing excretory–secretory molecules, which have immunomodulatory activities. In an effort to elucidate the immunomodulatory functions of F. gigantica thioredoxin peroxidase protein (FgTPx), we expressed recombinant FgTPx (rFgTPx) in Escherichia coli bacteria and examined its effects on several functions of goat peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in vitro. Sequence analysis revealed that FgTPx is related to a thioredoxin-like superfamily. Western blot analysis showed that rFgTPx was recognized by the sera of goats experimentally infected by F. gigantica. The specific binding of rFgTPx protein to the surface of goat PBMCs was demonstrated by immunofluorescence staining. We investigated the influence of serial concentrations of rFgTPx on various functions of goat PBMCs. All concentrations of rFgTPx increased the secretion of interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-10, IL-17, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β), and interferon gamma (IFN-γ), but inhibited PBMC proliferation, migration, and monocyte phagocytosis. Goat PBMCs exposed to 20–40 μg/mL of rFgTPx secreted increased levels of nitric oxide (NO), and 10–40 μg/mL of rFgTPx promoted cell apoptosis. These findings indicate that rFgTPx influences various functions of goat PBMCs by interacting with a large number of cellular targets, ultimately to promote the parasite’s survival. The roles of rFgTPx and their interacting proteins warrant further investigation.Keywords
This publication has 49 references indexed in Scilit:
- Immune Responses Associated with Resistance to Haemonchosis in SheepBioMed Research International, 2012
- Galectins distinctively regulate central monocyte and macrophage functionCellular Immunology, 2011
- Fasciola hepatica and Schistosoma mansoni: Identification of Common Proteins by Comparative Proteomic AnalysisJournal of Parasitology, 2011
- Fasciola hepatica saposin-like protein-2–based ELISA for the serodiagnosis of chronic human fascioliasisDiagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 2011
- Immunity against Helminths: Interactions with the Host and the Intercurrent InfectionsJournal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology, 2010
- Zoonotic helminth infections with particular emphasis on fasciolosis and other trematodiasesPhilosophical Transactions B, 2009
- Helminth 2‐Cys peroxiredoxin drives Th2 responses through a mechanism involving alternatively activated macrophagesThe FASEB Journal, 2008
- IL-17A is produced by Th17, T cells and other CD4- lymphocytes during infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and has a mild effect in bacterial clearanceInternational Immunology, 2008
- Excretory-secretory products from Fasciola hepatica induce eosinophil apoptosis by a caspase-dependent mechanismVeterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2007
- Macrophages that have ingested apoptotic cells in vitro inhibit proinflammatory cytokine production through autocrine/paracrine mechanisms involving TGF-beta, PGE2, and PAF.JCI Insight, 1998