Frequency of Extensively Drug-Resistant Gram-Negative Pathogens in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Open Access
- 5 December 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Cureus
- Vol. 12 (12)
- https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.11914
Abstract
Gram-negative bacteria are frequently involved in nosocomial infections. These bacteria have a particular tendency to develop antibiotic resistance and may become extensively drug-resistant (XDR). This study aimed to detect the prevalence of XDR Gram-negative bacteria in a tertiary care hospital in Pakistan. Clinical samples were obtained from patients admitted to different inpatient wards and sent for microbial analysis and culture. Antibiotic susceptibility testing of isolates was performed by the disk diffusion method to detect XDR strains. Antibiotic susceptibility patterns of a total of 673 clinical samples were studied. Of all bacterial isolates, 64% were extensively drug-resistant. Klebsiella pneumoniae had the highest percentage of XDR isolates (68.4%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (67.6%) and Escherichia coli (56.1%). Most XDR pathogens were isolated from the burn unit (87.7%), followed by the intensive care unit (69.2%) and surgical unit (68.9%). The rate of extensive drug-resistance is alarmingly high, which calls for strict surveillance and control measures to prevent the development of further resistance. Proper sanitation and rational prescription of antibiotics should be ensured.This publication has 20 references indexed in Scilit:
- Molecular characterization of multidrug-resistance in Gram-negative bacteria from the Peshawar teaching hospital, PakistanNew Microbes and New Infections, 2019
- Global contributors to antibiotic resistanceJournal of Global Infectious Diseases, 2019
- Extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in a tertiary-care hospital in Eastern India: A 4-year retrospective studyJournal of Global Antimicrobial Resistance, 2018
- The threat of antimicrobial resistance in developing countries: causes and control strategiesAntimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control, 2017
- A review of the influence of treatment strategies on antibiotic resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genesChemosphere, 2016
- Multidrug Resistant and Extensively Drug Resistant Bacteria: A StudyJournal of Pathogens, 2016
- Standardization of Operator-Dependent Variables Affecting Precision and Accuracy of the Disk Diffusion Method for Antibiotic Susceptibility TestingJournal of Clinical Microbiology, 2015
- Surveillance of antibiotic resistancePhilosophical Transactions B, 2015
- Multidrug-resistant, extensively drug-resistant and pandrug-resistant bacteria: an international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistanceClinical Microbiology & Infection, 2012
- The Enterobacteriaceae: General CharacteristicsPublished by Wiley ,2010