Chromatin and Epigenetic Rearrangements in Embryonic Stem Cell Fate Transitions
Open Access
- 18 February 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Frontiers Media SA in Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
Abstract
A major event in embryonic development is the rearrangement of epigenetic information as the somatic genome is reprogrammed for a new round of organismal development. Epigenetic data are held in chemical modifications on DNA and histones, and there are dramatic and dynamic changes in these marks during embryogenesis. However, the mechanisms behind this intricate process and how it is regulating and responding to embryonic development remain unclear. As embryos develop from totipotency to pluripotency, they pass through several distinct stages that can be captured permanently or transiently in vitro. Pluripotent naïve cells resemble the early epiblast, primed cells resemble the late epiblast, and blastomere-like cells have been isolated, although fully totipotent cells remain elusive. Experiments using these in vitro model systems have led to insights into chromatin changes in embryonic development, which has informed exploration of pre-implantation embryos. Intriguingly, human and mouse cells rely on different signaling and epigenetic pathways, and it remains a mystery why this variation exists. In this review, we will summarize the chromatin rearrangements in early embryonic development, drawing from genomic data from in vitro cell lines, and human and mouse embryos.Keywords
This publication has 212 references indexed in Scilit:
- Exit from Pluripotency Is Gated by Intracellular Redistribution of the bHLH Transcription Factor Tfe3Cell, 2013
- Esrrb Is a Direct Nanog Target Gene that Can Substitute for Nanog Function in Pluripotent CellsCell Stem Cell, 2012
- The Transcriptional and Epigenomic Foundations of Ground State PluripotencyCell, 2012
- Environmental and epigenetic effects upon preimplantation embryo metabolism and developmentTrends in Endocrinology & Metabolism, 2011
- Acetyl-CoA Induces Cell Growth and Proliferation by Promoting the Acetylation of Histones at Growth GenesMolecular Cell, 2011
- Distinct Epigenomic Landscapes of Pluripotent and Lineage-Committed Human CellsCell Stem Cell, 2010
- Nanog Is the Gateway to the Pluripotent Ground StateCell, 2009
- Naive and Primed Pluripotent StatesCell Stem Cell, 2009
- Sequential Expression of Pluripotency Markers during Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Somatic CellsCell Stem Cell, 2008
- Induction of Pluripotent Stem Cells from Mouse Embryonic and Adult Fibroblast Cultures by Defined FactorsCell, 2006