Coupled mechanisms of the keyhole, energy transfer and compositional change associated with the variable polarity plasma arc process
- 17 March 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by IOP Publishing in Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
- Vol. 54 (11), 115204
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/abceee
Abstract
A three-dimensional numerical model that coupled the arc, keyhole and weld pool was developed to investigate the keyhole behavior and energy transfer of an aluminum alloy in a variable polarity plasma arc welding process. The convective pattern in the weld pool was measured using an advanced x-ray transmission system. The elemental distribution of the bead was determined using an electron-probe microanalyzer. The coupled mechanisms of the keyhole, energy transfer, and compositional change were revealed. With a keyhole, both the arc energy loss and energy input increase, while the total energy transported from the arc to the weld pool decreases a bit, so the arc energy efficiency decreases. The heat flux at the keyhole is low and decentralized, resulting in low keyhole temperature; thus, the loss of elements with low boiling points due to evaporation can be ignored. Elements can be sufficiently mixed and distributed uniformly throughout the bead.This publication has 41 references indexed in Scilit:
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