The Correlation Between the Autotaxin Enzyme and Pruritus in Egyptian Patients Suffering from Chronic Liver Disease

Abstract

Background & Aims: Pruritus associated with liver diseases confines daily activities and causes sleep deprivation in patients with chronic liver diseases. Autotoxin enzyme (ATX) was found to be higher in sera of patients with intrahepatic cholestasis and it was found to be associated with the intensity of itching. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between the autotaxin enzyme and pruritus in Egyptian patients suffering from chronic liver disease (CLD). Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried on a total number of 80 patients with chronic liver disease divided into four groups: Group A and B included cirrhotic patients suffering from pruritis with and without cholestasis, while group C and D included patients without pruritis with or without cholestasis and group E included 17 healthy controls. They were subjected to measurement of serum autotoxin concentration by ELISA in addition to routine investigations including liver function tests: Total and direct bilirubin, ALT, AST, Alkaline phosphatase, Gama- glutamyl transferase, and serum albumin. Results: There was a significant increase in autotaxin in the four groups included chronic liver disease patients (P value <0.001*) compared to control group (group E). Autotoxin level was the only marker which had a significant increase in pruritus groups (groups A & B) compared to non-pruritus groups (groups C & D) with cut off value ≥ 32. Conclusion: Serum autotaxin level was elevated in patients with chronic liver diseases with pruritus. Autotaxin enzyme may play a key role in the induction of hepatogenic pruritus. So, autotaxin enzyme inhibitors and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) receptor blockers could be a future line of treatment of hepatogenic pruritus.