目的：探讨抗结核治疗对含盐酸安罗替尼方案治疗晚期肺癌疗效的影响。方法：回顾性分析2019年3月至2021年3月在广州市胸科医院收治的43例三线及三线以上晚期肺癌患者临床资料，其中6例为肺癌合并结核患者，同时接受抗结核治疗及含安罗替尼方案的治疗，37例为晚期肺癌患者接受安罗替尼方案的治疗，分析其客观总缓解率(ORR)、疾病控制率(DCR)、无进展生存(PFS)及相关不良反应。结果：抗肺癌抗结核同时治疗组ORR 0%，DCR 83.3%、单独使用抗癌药物组ORR 18.9%，DCR 64.9%。药物相关不良血液学不良事件，高血压最为常见，I~II级15例(34.9%)，III~IV级0例；药物相关血液学不良反应事件，血红蛋白下降最常见，I~II级10例(23.2%)，III~IV级0例，1例患者减量，1例患者停药。结论：同时接受抗结核治疗和含安罗替尼方案的晚期肺癌合并结核患者，客观有效率低于仅接受含安罗替尼方案的患者。 Objective: To investigate the effect of antituberculous therapy on the treatment of advanced lung cancer with anlotinib hydrochloride. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed to analyze the clinical data of 43 patients with advanced lung cancer at or above the third line admitted to Guangzhou Chest Hospital from March 2019 to March 2021. Among them, 6 patients with lung cancer complicated with tuberculosis received anti-tuberculosis treatment and anlotinib treatment at the same time. Thirty-seven patients with advanced lung cancer were treated with the anlotinib regimen. Objective total response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS) and associated adverse events were analyzed. Results: The ORR and DCR were 0% and 83.3% in the group of anti-lung cancer and anti-tuberculosis treatment, and 18.9% and 64.9% in the group of anti-cancer drugs alone. Hypertension was the most common drug-related adverse hematologic event. There were 15 cases of grade I~II (34.9%), and 0 cases of grade III~IV. Among drug-related hematological adverse events, hemoglobin decline was the most common, with 10 cases (23.2%) in grade I~II and 0 cases in grade III~IV. In the experiment, 1 patient reduced dosage and 1 patient stopped medication. Conclusions: The objective response rate of patients with advanced lung cancer complicated with tuberculosis who received both antituberculous therapy and anlotinib-containing regimen was lower than that of patients who only received anlotinib-containing regimen.