The epithelium-derived inflammatory mediators of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps
- 8 February 2020
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Taylor & Francis Ltd in Expert Review of Clinical Immunology
- Vol. 16 (3), 293-310
- https://doi.org/10.1080/1744666x.2020.1723417
Abstract
Introduction: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an inflammatory airway disease characterized as tight junction loosening, inflammation, and mucosal remodeling. Epithelial cells form a barrier against allergens, bacteria, and proteases, and can also trigger or enhance the immune response by releasing various inflammatory mediators including cytokines, chemokines, and secreted proteins to promote the pathogenesis of CRSwNP. Areas covered: We review the epithelium-derived cytokine and secreted protein networks driving CRSwNP, and discuss these mediators in a cellular context. We illustrate their roles as potential mediators-biomarkers in clinical practice, which may help to understand the mechanisms underlying the pathologies of different endotypes of CRSwNP and to improve treatment outcomes in patients with CRSwNP based on the development of novel predictors for CRSwNP management. Expert opinion: The understanding of the role of epithelium-derived inflammatory mediators helps to investigate the pathophysiological mechanisms of CRSwNP endotypes. An increasing number of studies show that these mediators target immune cells and promote the recruitment, activation or regulation of the proliferation or apoptosis of these cells. Based on this achievement, further investigations are necessary to explore the multi-dimensional role of epithelium-derived inflammatory mediators in CRSwNP.Keywords
This publication has 216 references indexed in Scilit:
- Cystatin SN Upregulation in Patients with Seasonal Allergic RhinitisPLOS ONE, 2013
- The microbiome of chronic rhinosinusitis: culture, molecular diagnostics and biofilm detectionBMC Infectious Diseases, 2013
- Periostin promotes chronic allergic inflammation in response to Th2 cytokinesJCI Insight, 2012
- Extrathymically generated regulatory T cells control mucosal TH2 inflammationNature, 2012
- Plasticity of airway epithelial cellsJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2011
- Differential expression of interleukin‐32 in chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polypsAllergy, 2011
- A nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway via protein kinase C δ regulates replication of respiratory syncytial virus in polarized normal human nasal epithelial cellsMolecular Biology of the Cell, 2011
- Forkhead box P3+ T cells express interleukin-17 in nasal mucosa of patients with both allergic rhinitis and polyposisClinical and Experimental Immunology, 2010
- Treatment-Recalcitrant Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps is Associated with Altered Epithelial Cell Expression of Interleukin-33American Journal of Rhinology and Allergy, 2010
- Evidence for altered activity of the IL-6 pathway in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polypsJournal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2010