Efek Pemberian Biskuit Ulva terhadap Penurunan Kadar Glukosa Darah Tikus yang Diinduksi Sukrosa

Abstract
Rumput laut Ulva sp. memiliki kandungan serat pangan tinggi yang diketahui memiliki aktivitas hipoglikemik. Penelitian ini telah melakukan penambahan Ulva sp. pada biskuit sebagai makanan sehat yang kaya serat pangan. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian biskuit Ulva terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah pada tikus jantan yang diinduksi sukrosa jenuh. Selain itu, diamati profil hematologi dan biokimia klinis darah sebelum dan setelah pemberian biskuit Ulva. Uji antidiabetes dilakukan menggunakan uji toleransi glukosa oral terhadap tikus jantan yang diinduksi sukrosa jenuh. Biskuit Ulva yang diberikan 1 g/kg berat badan (BB) tikus dengan perlakuan kontrol negatif (pakan tanpa biskuit), biskuit tanpa Ulva sp., dan biskuit Ulva setara dengan Ulva sp. 1, 5, dan 10 mg/kg BB. Perlakuan dosis diberikan pada 5 ekor tikus percobaan sekali sehari selama 14 hari. Pengamatan terhadap intoleransi glukosa dilakukan melalui pengukuran glukosa darah setelah pemberian sukrosa jenuh ke semua perlakuan pada hari ke-14, dan diukur pada menit ke-0, 30, 60, dan 120. Penimbangan tikus dilakukan pada hari ke-0, 7, dan 14, sedangkan analisis hematologi dan biokimia klinis darah dilakukan pada hari ke-0 dan ke-14. Pemberian biskuit Ulva berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kadar glukosa darah, serta menurunkan hematokrit dan hemoglobin darah tikus. Biskuit dengan dosis Ulva setara 1 mg/kg BB mampu menurunkan kadar glukosa darah tikus secara efektif pada menit ke-60. Tidak ada perbedaan kenaikan berat badan tikus jantan antara kelompok kontrol negatif dan biskuit Ulva pada hari ke-0, 7, dan 14. Pemberian biskuit Ulva sampai dengan 10 mg/kg BB tidak mempengaruhi SGOT, SGPT, ureum, dan kreatinin tikus. ABSTRACTSeaweed Ulva sp. contains high dietary fiber which is known to have hypoglycemic activity. In this study, the addition of Ulva sp. in biscuit products as a healthy food rich in dietary fiber. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of Ulva added biscuits on blood glucose levels reduction in male rats induced by saturated sucrose. In addition, clinical hematology and blood biochemical profiles before and after the administration of Ulva biscuits were also observed. Antidiabetic method used the oral glucose intolerance test method on male rats induced by saturated sucrose. Ulva biscuits were given at 1 g/kg body weight of rats for each treatment. This test used five treatments, namely negative control (rats feeding without biscuits), rat feeding without Ulva added biscuits; and rat feeding with Ulva biscuits equivalent to 1, 5, and 10 mg Ulva sp. /kg BW. Each dose treatment was given to five experimental rats once a day for 14 days. Observations on glucose intolerance included measurement of blood glucose levels by giving saturated sucrose to all treatments and measured at 0, 30, 60, and 120 minutes after administration of saturated sucrose. The weighing was carried out on day 0, 7, and 14, while clinical hematological and blood biochemical analyzes were performed on day 0 and 14. The administration of Ulva biscuits had a significant effect on the blood glucose levels of male rats, lowering hematocrit and hemoglobin in rat blood. The concentration of 0.1% Ulva biscuits in biscuits (equivalent to a dose of Ulva sp. 1 mg/kg BW) was able to effectively reduce the blood glucose levels of rats after 60 minutes. There was no difference in weight gain of male rats between the negative control group and Ulva biscuits on days 0, 7, and 14. The diet of Ulva biscuits with 10 mg/kg BW Ulva sp. did not affect the SGOT, SGPT, urea, and creatinine of rats.