Genome-wide analysis of unrecognised ethnic group Chuanqing people revealing a close affinity with Southern Han Chinese

Abstract

Background: Chuanqing is an unrecognised ethnic group in Guizhou, southwest China. The genetic history of the Chuanqing people is hotly debated due to a lack of available genetic data. Aim: To infer the genetic structure and population history of the Chuanqing people and genetic relationships of the Chuanqing with other East Asians. Subjects and methods: We collected samples from 14 Chuanqing individuals from Guizhou and genotyped about 690,000 genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We used Principal Component Analysis (PCA), ADMIXTURE analysis, and f statistics to infer the population genetic structure and admixture. Results: Chuanqing people show a distinct genetic profile from indigenous Tai-Kadai and Tibeto-Burman speaking populations in southwest China, but they are genetically similar to southern Han Chinese, Miao, She and Tujia populations. The Han Chinese characteristic Y chromosomal lineages reach high frequencies in the Chuanqing. Conclusions: The genetic formation of the Chuanqing people has been greatly influenced by Han Chinese related populations.