Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 different variants and related morbidity and mortality: a systematic review
Open Access
- 8 June 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in European Journal of Medical Research
- Vol. 26 (1), 1-20
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s40001-021-00524-8
Abstract
Introduction: Coronavirus Disease-2019 (SARS-CoV-2) started its devastating trajectory into a global pandemic in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. Ever since, several variants of SARS-CoV-2 have been identified. In the present review, we aimed to characterize the different variants of SARS-CoV-2 and explore the related morbidity and mortality. Methods: A systematic review including the current evidence related to different variants of SARS-CoV-2 and the related morbidity and mortality was conducted through a systematic search utilizing the keywords in the online databases including Scopus, PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct; we retrieved all related papers and reports published in English from December 2019 to September 2020. Results: A review of identified articles has shown three main genomic variants, including type A, type B, and type C. we also identified three clades including S, V, and G. Studies have demonstrated that the C14408T and A23403G alterations in the Nsp12 and S proteins are the most prominent alterations in the world, leading to life-threatening mutations.The spike D614G amino acid change has become the most common variant since December 2019. From missense mutations found from Gujarat SARS-CoV-2 genomes, C28854T, deleterious mutation in the nucleocapsid (N) gene was significantly associated with patients' mortality. The other significant deleterious variant (G25563T) is found in patients located in Orf3a and has a potential role in viral pathogenesis. Conclusion: Overall, researchers identified several SARS-CoV-2 variants changing clinical manifestations and increasing the transmissibility, morbidity, and mortality of COVID-19. This should be considered in current practice and interventions to combat the pandemic and prevent related morbidity and mortality.This publication has 89 references indexed in Scilit:
- A new coronavirus associated with human respiratory disease in ChinaNature, 2020
- A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family clusterThe Lancet, 2020
- Tumor microenvironment differences between primary tumor and brain metastasesJournal of Translational Medicine, 2020
- Origin and evolution of pathogenic coronavirusesNature Reviews Microbiology, 2018
- Attenuation of replication by a 29 nucleotide deletion in SARS-coronavirus acquired during the early stages of human-to-human transmissionScientific Reports, 2018
- Estimating the human mutation rate from autozygous segments reveals population differences in human mutational processesNature Communications, 2017
- In situ click chemistry generation of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitorsNature Communications, 2017
- Mechanisms of viral mutationCellular and Molecular Life Sciences, 2016
- Natural selection and infectious disease in human populationsNature Reviews Genetics, 2014
- Molecular Evolution of the SARS Coronavirus During the Course of the SARS Epidemic in ChinaScience, 2004