HIV Stigma and Moral Judgement: Qualitative Exploration of the Experiences of HIV Stigma and Discrimination among Married Men Living with HIV in Yogyakarta
Open Access
- 19 January 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by MDPI AG in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Vol. 17 (2), 636
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020636
Abstract
It is well acknowledged that human immunodeficiency virus stigma (HIV stigma) challenges people living with HIV globally. There is a scarcity of information about determinants of HIV stigma and discrimination among married men in the Indonesian context. This study aimed to explore factors that contribute to stigma and discrimination against HIV-positive men married to women in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Face-to-face in-depth interviews were conducted to collect data from participants using a snowball sampling technique. A framework analysis was used to guide the analysis of the data. HIV stigma framework was also applied in the conceptualisation and the discussion of the findings. The findings indicate that participants experienced external stigma within healthcare facilities, communities and families. This external stigma was expressed in various discriminatory attitudes and behaviours by healthcare professionals and community and family members. Similarly, participants experienced anticipated stigma as a result of HIV stigma and discrimination experienced by other people living with HIV. Individual moral judgement associating HIV status with amoral behaviours and participants’ negative self-judgement were determinants of perceived stigma. The current findings indicate the need for training programs about HIV stigma issues for healthcare professionals. There is also a need to disseminate HIV information and to improve HIV stigma knowledge among families and communities.This publication has 76 references indexed in Scilit:
- Stigma and discrimination against people living with HIV by healthcare providers, Southwest EthiopiaBMC Public Health, 2012
- Factors associated with pregnant women's anticipations and experiences of HIV-related stigma in rural KenyaAIDS Care, 2012
- Internal construct validity of the Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire (SMBQ)BMC Public Health, 2012
- HIV-related stigma within communities of gay men: a literature reviewAIDS Care, 2011
- HIV and AIDS-related stigma in the context of family support and race in South AfricaEthnicity & Health, 2010
- Relationships Between Stigma, Social Support, and Depression in HIV-Infected African American Women Living in the Rural Southeastern United StatesJournal of the Association of Nurses in AIDS Care, 2009
- Community factors shaping HIV-related stigma among young people in three African countriesAIDS Care, 2009
- HIV/AIDS-related stigma in Kumasi, GhanaHealth & Place, 2009
- Stigma, social inequality, and HIV risk disclosure among Dominican male sex workersSocial Science & Medicine (1982), 2008
- Stigma in the HIV/AIDS epidemic: a review of the literature and recommendations for the way forwardAIDS, 2008