Use of red mud activated at different temperatures as a low cost adsorbent of reactive dye

Abstract

Red mud, a waste product generated during alumina extraction from bauxite, could be used as a low-cost adsorbent. Here, the effect of thermal treatment on the adsorption of Reactive Blue 19 (RB19) dye by red mud was compared with the adsorption capacity of untreated red mud. Thermal treatment of red mud at 500 degrees C results in an increase in adsorption capacity from 357 mg g(-1) (untreated red mud) to 416 mg g(-1), under acidic conditions. Red mud samples thermally treated at 600 degrees C and 800 degrees C show a reduction in adsorption capacity, however, falling to 337 mg g(-1), in acid medium. The change in the maximum adsorption capacity of red mud to RB19 following thermal treatment is associated with specific surface area. Red mud subjected to 500 degrees C can be used for the treatment of water and wastewaters with a higher efficiency than untreated red mud, thus finding possible application in the textile industry.