Dental plaque–induced gingival conditions
Top Cited Papers
- 21 June 2018
- journal article
- conference paper
- Published by Wiley in The Journal of Periodontology
- Vol. 89 (S1), S17-S27
- https://doi.org/10.1002/jper.17-0095
Abstract
Objective This review proposes revisions to the current classification system for gingival diseases and provides a rationale for how it differs from the 1999 classification system. Importance Gingival inflammation in response to bacterial plaque accumulation (microbial biofilms) is considered the key risk factor for the onset of periodontitis. Thus, control of gingival inflammation is essential for the primary prevention of periodontitis. Findings The clinical characteristics common to dental plaque–induced inflammatory gingival conditions include: a) clinical signs and symptoms of inflammation that are confined to the gingiva: b) reversibility of the inflammation by removing or disrupting the biofilm; c) the presence of a high bacterial plaque burden to initiate the inflammation; d) systemic modifying factors (e.g., hormones, systemic disorders, drugs) which can alter the severity of the plaque‐induced inflammation and; e) stable (i.e., non‐changing) attachment levels on a periodontium which may or may not have experienced a loss of attachment or alveolar bone. The simplified taxonomy of gingival conditions includes: 1) introduction of the term “incipient gingivitis;” 2) a description of the extent and severity of gingival inflammation; 3) a description of the extent and severity of gingival enlargement and; 4) a reduction of categories in the dental plaque–induced gingival disease taxonomy. Conclusions Dental plaque–induced gingival inflammation is modified by various systemic and oral factors. The appropriate intervention is crucial for the prevention of periodontitis.Keywords
This publication has 102 references indexed in Scilit:
- Bacterial Community Development in Experimental GingivitisPLOS ONE, 2013
- Gingival tissue transcriptomes in experimental gingivitisJournal of Clinical Periodontology, 2011
- The influence of margins of restorations on the periodontal tissues over 26 yearsJournal of Clinical Periodontology, 2001
- Periodontitis Modified by Systemic FactorsAnnals of Periodontology, 1999
- Experimental gingivitis in relation to age in individuals not susceptible to periodontal destructionJournal of Clinical Periodontology, 1987
- Natural history of periodontal disease in manJournal of Clinical Periodontology, 1986
- Puberty Gingivitis in Insulin‐dependent Diabetic Children: I. Cross‐sectional ObservationsThe Journal of Periodontology, 1983
- Risk Factors in Phenytoin‐Induced Gingival HyperplasiaThe Journal of Periodontology, 1983
- Periodontal Status During PregnancyThe Journal of Periodontology, 1974
- Experimental Gingivitis in ManThe Journal of Periodontology, 1965