Phytotoxic properties of culture filtrates of Micromycete Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum (LIB.) de bary isolates from the phyllosphere of various host plants

Abstract

Phytotoxicity of isolates in S. sclerotiorum populations extracted from different geographic conditions and host plants has been established. The results of studies of the influence of culture filtrates of 42 isolates of the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary of different geographical origin on the germination of seeds and growth of seedlings of winter wheat plants are presented. All the isolates tested showed a phytotoxic effect, which consisted of reduced seed germination, inhibition of root system growth and seedlings. S. sclerotiorum isolates extracted from soybean and rapeseed plants (Kyiv region, Vasylkiv district) showed the most negative impact on seed germination rates. Their phytotoxic effect caused a decrease in seed germination by 12.4-13.4 % less than in the control. S. sclerotiorum isolates also induced a reduction in the root length of the plant and inhibition of seedling growth compared to a control average of 1.0 to 57.9%. In particular, 71-100% of fungus isolates extracted from soybean and rapeseed plants (Kyiv region, Vasylkiv district) had a high degree of toxicity.