Dietary interventions as regulators of stem cell behavior in homeostasis and disease
Open Access
- 1 February 2021
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory in Genes & Development
- Vol. 35 (3-4), 199-211
- https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.346973.120
Abstract
Stem cells maintain tissues by balancing self-renewal with differentiation. A stem cell's local microenvironment, or niche, informs stem cell behavior and receives inputs at multiple levels. Increasingly, it is becoming clear that the overall metabolic status of an organism or metabolites themselves can function as integral members of the niche to alter stem cell fate. Macroscopic dietary interventions such as caloric restriction, the ketogenic diet, and a high-fat diet systemically alter an organism's metabolic state in different ways. Intriguingly, however, they all converge on a propensity to enhance self-renewal. Here, we highlight our current knowledge on how dietary changes feed into stem cell behavior across a wide variety of tissues and illuminate possible explanations for why diverse interventions can result in similar stem cell phenotypes. In so doing, we hope to inspire new avenues of inquiry into the importance of metabolism in stem cell homeostasis and disease.Keywords
Funding Information
- Weill Cornell/Rockefeller/Sloan Kettering (T32-GM007739)
- National Institues of Health (F31-CA236465)
- NIH (R01-AR050452, R01-AR31737, R01-AR27883)
- Starr Foundation
- NYSTEM (C32585GG)
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