Hepatic Artery Aneurysm: An Unusual Cause of Upper Gastrointestinal Bleed in 49 Years Old Patient

Abstract

Hepatic artery aneurysm (HAA) is a rare disease. HAA is generally asymptomatic disease when symptomatic, they usually present with abdominal pain, upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding and/or jaundice, hypovolaemia secondary to rupture or GI bleeding with normal GI endoscopy. Surgical repair and endovascular treatment are the two therapeutic options available at present. Case report: A 49-year-old male presented at the emergency department with high gastrointestinal bleeding, abdominal pain and jaundice. Gastroscopy showed an ulcer with flat pigmented haematin on ulcer base (Forrest IIc) that was controlled by medical treatment. CT angiography was done and showed aneurysm of the proper hepatic artery almost totally thrombosed measuring 100 × 59 mm associated with signs of contained rupture. Emergency surgery was indicated. The laparotomy objectified a rupture of the aneurysm in the biliary tree in per operative excision of aneurysm and ligation of the hepatic pedicle was carried out. After surgery, the evolution was favorable with a follow-up of 8 months. Conclusion: HAA rupture is a rare cause of upper GI bleeding. The mortality rate after rupture is relatively high. CT angiography or MRI can diagnose a ruptured of HAA. Urgent surgery should be the first choice in patients with a ruptured HAA with active hemorrhage causing hemorrhagic shock.