Improvements in Glycemic Control After Acute Moderate-Intensity Continuous or High-Intensity Interval Exercise Are Greater in South Asians Than White Europeans With Nondiabetic Hyperglycemia: A Randomized Crossover Study
Open Access
- 6 November 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Diabetes Association in Diabetes Care
- Vol. 44 (1), 201-209
- https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1393
Abstract
To examine whether circulating metabolic responses to low-volume high-intensity interval exercise (LV-HIIE) or continuous moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (CME) differ between white Europeans and South Asians with nondiabetic hyperglycemia (NDH). Thirteen white Europeans and 10 South Asians (combined median [interquartile range] age 67 [60–68] years, HbA1c 5.9% [5.8–6.1%] [41.0 (39.9–43.2) mmol ⋅ mol−1]) completed three 6-h conditions (sedentary control [CON], LV-HIIE, and CME) in a randomized order. Exercise conditions contained a single bout of LV-HIIE and CME, respectively (each ending at 2 h), with meals provided at 0 and 3 h. Circulating glucose (primary outcome), insulin, insulin resistance index (IRI), triglycerides, and nonesterified fatty acids were measured at 0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 3.5, 4, 5, and 6 h. Data were analyzed as postexercise time-averaged area under the curve (AUC) adjusted for age, sex, and preexercise AUC. Glucose was similar in each condition and with ethnicity, with no condition-by-ethnicity interaction (P ≥ 0.28). However, insulin was lower in LV-HIIE (mean [95% CI] −44.4 [−23.7, −65.1] mU ⋅ L−1) and CME (−33.8 [−13.7, −53.9] mU ⋅ L−1) compared with CON. Insulin responses were greater in South Asians (interaction P = 0.03) such that values were similar in each ethnicity during exercise conditions, despite being 33% higher in South Asians during CON. IRI followed a similar pattern to insulin. Lipids were unaffected by exercise. Reductions in insulin and insulin resistance after acute LV-HIIE and CME are greater in South Asians than in white Europeans with NDH. Further trials are required to examine the longer-term impact of LV-HIIE and CME on cardiometabolic health.Keywords
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Funding Information
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration East Midlands
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