T cell receptor and cytokine signal integration in CD8+ T cells is mediated by the protein Themis
- 13 January 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Nature Immunology
- Vol. 21 (2), 186-198
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-019-0570-3
Abstract
T cell homeostasis and functional responsiveness require signals from self-peptide–major histocompatibility complex (self-pMHC) and cytokines, but the mechanisms controlling this signal integration are unknown. Using a conditional deletion of the T cell lineage-specific protein Themis, we show that Themis is required for the maintenance of peripheral CD8+ T cells and for proliferative CD8+ T cell responses to low-affinity pMHC aided by cytokines. Themis-deficient peripheral T cells show a phenotype indicative of reduced tonic signaling from self-pMHC, strongly suggesting that Themis is a positive regulator of T cell receptor signal strength in response to low-affinity self-pMHC in peripheral T cells. Signals from low-affinity pMHC and cytokines synergistically induce phosphorylation of the kinase Akt, metabolic changes and c-Myc transcription factor induction in CD8+ T cells only in the presence of Themis. This function of Themis is mediated through Shp1 phosphatase, as peripheral Themis and Shp1 double deletion rescues the peripheral CD8+ T cell maintenance.Keywords
Funding Information
- Singapore Ministry of Education’s National Medical Research Council (2014-T2-1-136)
- Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council (CBRG/0097/2015)
This publication has 55 references indexed in Scilit:
- IL-7 signaling and CD127 receptor regulation in the control of T cell homeostasisSeminars in Immunology, 2012
- Signaling thresholds govern heterogeneity in IL‐7‐receptor‐mediated responses of naïve CD8+ T cellsImmunology & Cell Biology, 2011
- Inflammatory cytokines as a third signal for T cell activationCurrent Opinion in Immunology, 2010
- T Cell Receptor-Dependent Regulation of Lipid Rafts Controls Naive CD8+ T Cell HomeostasisImmunity, 2010
- A robust and high-throughput Cre reporting and characterization system for the whole mouse brainNature Neuroscience, 2009
- Multiplexed labeling of samples with cell tracking dyes facilitates rapid and accurate internally controlled calcium flux measurement by flow cytometryJournal of Immunological Methods, 2009
- Themis is a member of a new metazoan gene family and is required for the completion of thymocyte positive selectionNature Immunology, 2009
- Themis, a T cell–specific protein important for late thymocyte developmentNature Immunology, 2009
- Themis controls thymocyte selection through regulation of T cell antigen receptor–mediated signalingNature Immunology, 2009
- Restoration of p53 function leads to tumour regression in vivoNature, 2007