Grape Seed Polyphenols Ameliorated Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis via Suppression of Inflammation and Apoptosis
Open Access
- 31 December 2019
- journal article
- research article
- Published by S. Karger AG in Pharmacology
- Vol. 105 (1-2), 9-18
- https://doi.org/10.1159/000501897
Abstract
Background: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease. Its onset is typically gradual, usually followed by periods of spontaneous remission and subsequent relapses. Grape seed polyphenols (GSP), a natural product extracted from grape seeds, have strong anti-inflammatory functions. Objectives: In this study, we investigated whether GSP has an inhibitory effect on UC and its related mechanism or not. Methods: We induced UC by 2.5% dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and GSP at different doses (500 and 750 mg/kg body weight per day) was administrated to the mice by gavage. Body weight, diarrhea, and bloody stool were recorded every day to evaluate disease activity index. Hemotoxylin-eosin staining and immunohistochemical staining were used to identify the histological damages and inflammatory infiltration in colon tissues. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to evaluate mRNA expression of interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1 beta, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and the expression of phosphorylated-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and STAT3 were assessed by western blot. The immunofluorescent assay was used to evaluate the apoptosis of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs). Results: GSP could alleviate the loss of body weight, diarrhea, bloody stool, the mucosal damage, and inflammatory infiltration. GSP could also downregulate the mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha as well as the phosphorylation of STAT3 and ameliorate the apoptosis of IECs. Conclusions: Our study suggests that GSP has protective effects against DSS-induced UC, which may through suppression of inflammation and apoptosis.Keywords
This publication has 28 references indexed in Scilit:
- Protective effect of naringenin against experimental colitis via suppression of Toll-like receptor 4/NF-κB signallingBritish Journal of Nutrition, 2013
- Cocoa polyphenols prevent inflammation in the colon of azoxymethane-treated rats and in TNF-α-stimulated Caco-2 cellsBritish Journal of Nutrition, 2012
- Grape Seed Extract Reduces the Severity of Selected Disease Markers in the Proximal Colon of Dextran Sulphate Sodium-Induced Colitis in RatsDigestive Diseases and Sciences, 2012
- Alleviation of Gut Inflammation by Cdx2/Pxr Pathway in a Mouse Model of Chemical ColitisPLOS ONE, 2012
- Procyanidins and inflammation: Molecular targets and health implicationsBioFactors, 2012
- Colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease: What is the real magnitude of the risk?World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2012
- PUMA-mediated intestinal epithelial apoptosis contributes to ulcerative colitis in humans and miceJCI Insight, 2011
- Unravelling the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseaseNature, 2007
- Thirty-Year Analysis of a Colonoscopic Surveillance Program for Neoplasia in Ulcerative ColitisGastroenterology, 2006
- Downregulation of epithelial apoptosis and barrier repair in active Crohn's disease by tumour necrosis factor antibody treatmentGut, 2004