The Primary Physiological Roles of Autoinducer 2 in Escherichia coli Are Chemotaxis and Biofilm Formation
Open Access
- 14 February 2021
- journal article
- perspective
- Published by MDPI AG in Microorganisms
- Vol. 9 (2), 386
- https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9020386
Abstract
Autoinducer 2 (AI-2) is a ubiquitous metabolite but, instead of acting as a “universal signal,” relatively few phenotypes have been associated with it, and many scientists believe AI-2 is often a metabolic byproduct rather than a signal. Here, the aim is to present evidence that AI-2 influences both biofilm formation and motility (swarming and chemotaxis), using Escherichia coli as the model system, to establish AI-2 as a true signal with an important physiological role in this bacterium. In addition, AI-2 signaling is compared to the other primary signal of E. coli, indole, and it is shown that they have opposite effects on biofilm formation and virulence.Keywords
This publication has 45 references indexed in Scilit:
- Autonomous bacterial localization and gene expression based on nearby cell receptor densityMolecular Systems Biology, 2013
- Quorum quenching quandary: resistance to antivirulence compoundsThe ISME Journal, 2011
- Detection of acyl-homoserine lactones by Escherichia and SalmonellaCurrent Opinion in Microbiology, 2011
- Can bacteria actively search to join groups?The ISME Journal, 2010
- The bacterial signal indole increases epithelial-cell tight-junction resistance and attenuates indicators of inflammationProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009
- Flow-Based Microfluidic Device for Quantifying Bacterial Chemotaxis in Stable, Competing GradientsApplied and Environmental Microbiology, 2009
- Differential Effects of Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and Indole on Escherichia coli O157:H7 Chemotaxis, Colonization, and Gene ExpressionInfection and Immunity, 2007
- Quorum Sensing in Escherichia coli Is Signaled by AI-2/LsrR: Effects on Small RNA and Biofilm ArchitectureJournal of Bacteriology, 2007
- EnterohemorrhagicEscherichia coliBiofilms Are Inhibited by 7-Hydroxyindole and Stimulated by IsatinApplied and Environmental Microbiology, 2007
- YliH (BssR) and YceP (BssS) Regulate Escherichia coli K-12 Biofilm Formation by Influencing Cell SignalingApplied and Environmental Microbiology, 2006