Ion Coordination and Transport in Magnesium Polymer Electrolytes Based on Polyester-co-Polycarbonate

Abstract

Magnesium-ion-conducting solid polymer electrolytes have been studied for rechargeable Mg metal batteries, one of the beyond-Li-ion systems. In this paper, magnesium polymer electrolytes with magnesium bis(trifluoromethane)sulfonimide (Mg(TFSI)₂) salt in poly(ε-caprolactone-co-trimethylene carbonate) (PCL-PTMC) were investigated and compared with the poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) analogs. Both thermal properties and vibrational spectroscopy indicated that the total ion conduction in the PEO electrolytes was dominated by the anion conduction due to strong polymer coordination with fully dissociated Mg²⁺. On the other hand, in PCL-PTMC electrolytes, there is relatively weaker polymercation coordination and increased anioncation coordination. Sporadic Mg- and F-rich particles were observed on the Cu electrodes after polarization tests in CuMg cells with PCL-PTMC electrolyte, suggesting that Mg was conducted in the ion complex form (Mg_xTFSI_y) to the copper working electrode to be reduced which resulted in anion decomposition. However, the Mg metal deposition/stripping was not favorable with either Mg(TFSI)₂ in PCL-PTMC or Mg(TFSI)₂ in PEO, which inhibited quantitative analysis of magnesium conduction. A remaining challenge is thus to accurately assess transport numbers in these systems.