Functional roles and networks of non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases
Top Cited Papers
Open Access
- 7 April 2020
- journal article
- review article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Journal of Biomedical Science
- Vol. 27 (1), 1-23
- https://doi.org/10.1186/s12929-020-00636-z
Abstract
Recent transcriptome analyses have revealed that noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are broadly expressed in mammalian cells and abundant in the CNS, with tissue and cell type-specific expression patterns. Moreover, ncRNAs have been found to intricately and dynamically regulate various signaling pathways in neurodegeneration. As such, some antisense transcripts and microRNAs are known to directly affect neurodegeneration in disease contexts. The functions of ncRNAs in pathogenesis are unique for each disorder, as are the pertinent networks of ncRNA/miRNA/mRNA that mediate these functions. Thus, further understanding of ncRNA biogenesis and effects might aid the discovery of diagnostic biomarkers or development of effective therapeutics for neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we review the ncRNAs that have so far been identified in major neurodegenerative disease etiology and the mechanisms that link ncRNAs with disease-specific phenotypes, such as HTT aggregation in HD, α-synuclein in PD, and Aβ plaques and hyperphosphorylated Tau in AD. We also summarize the known lncRNA/miRNA/mRNA networks that participate in neurodegenerative diseases, and we discuss ncRNA-related treatments shown to delay disease onset and prolong lifespan in rodent models.Keywords
Funding Information
- Academia Sinica (AS-106-TP-B13, AS-SUMMIT-108)
- Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST 106-0210-01-15-02, 108-3114-Y-001-002, MOST 107-0210-01-19-01)
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