Implementation of Specialist Palliative Care and Outcomes for Hospitalized Patients with Dementia
- 1 February 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Wiley in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Vol. 69 (5), 1199-1207
- https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.17032
Abstract
Background In patients with serious illness, use of specialist palliative care may result in improved quality of life, patient and caregiver satisfaction and advance care planning, as well as lower health care utilization. However, evidence of efficacy is limited for patients with dementia, particularly in the setting of an acute hospitalization. Objective To determine whether implementation of hospital‐based specialist palliative care was associated with differences in treatment intensity outcomes for hospitalized patients with dementia. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Fifty‐one hospitals in New York State that either did or did not implement a palliative care program between 2008 and 2014. Hospitals that consistently had a palliative care program during the study period were excluded. Participants Hospitalized patients with dementia. Measurements The primary outcome of this study was discharge to hospice from an acute hospitalization. Secondary outcomes included hospital length of stay, use of mechanical ventilation and dialysis, and days in intensive care. Difference‐in‐difference analyses were performed using multilevel regression to assess the association between implementing a palliative care program and outcomes, while adjusting for patient and hospital characteristics and time trends. Results During the study period, 82,118 patients with dementia (mean (SD) age, 83.04 (10.04), 51,170 (62.21%) female) underwent an acute hospitalization, of which 41,227 (50.27%) received care in hospitals that implemented a palliative care program. In comparison to patients who received care in hospitals without palliative care, patients with dementia who received care in hospitals after the implementation of palliative care were more 35% likely to be discharged to hospice (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.35 (1.19–1.51), P < .001). No meaningful differences in secondary outcomes were observed. Conclusion Implementation of a specialist palliative care program was associated with an increase in discharge to hospice following acute hospitalization in patients with dementia.Funding Information
- American Federation for Aging Research (K08AG051184)
- National Institute on Aging
- National Institute on Aging
- National Institute on Aging
- National Institute on Aging
This publication has 38 references indexed in Scilit:
- Generalist plus Specialist Palliative Care — Creating a More Sustainable ModelThe New England Journal of Medicine, 2013
- Characteristics and Outcomes of Hospice Enrollees with Dementia Discharged AliveJournal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2012
- America's Care of Serious Illness: A State-by-State Report Card on Access to Palliative Care in Our Nation's HospitalsJournal of Palliative Medicine, 2011
- Hospice Use and Outcomes in Nursing Home Residents with Advanced DementiaJournal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2010
- Palliative Care for Patients with Dementia: A National SurveyJournal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2010
- Early Palliative Care for Patients with Metastatic Non–Small-Cell Lung CancerThe New England Journal of Medicine, 2010
- Patients Dying with Dementia: Experience at the End of Life and Impact of Hospice CareJournal of Pain and Symptom Management, 2008
- Healthcare costs and utilization for Medicare beneficiaries with Alzheimer'sBMC Health Services Research, 2008
- Centering predictor variables in cross-sectional multilevel models: A new look at an old issue.Psychological Methods, 2007
- Understanding the Treatment Preferences of Seriously Ill PatientsThe New England Journal of Medicine, 2002