HPV genotyping and risk factors for anal high-risk HPV infection in men who have sex with men from Toronto, Canada
Open Access
- 26 February 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Scientific Reports
- Vol. 11 (1), 1-10
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84079-y
Abstract
Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by anal cancer, predominantly caused by high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) infection. Currently, the nonavalent HPV vaccine provides coverage against nine HPV genotypes, including seven HR-HPV genotypes. Here, we characterize anal HR-HPV genotype distribution and associated risk factors in MSM from Toronto, Canada recruited between September 2010 and June 2012. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was used for continuous variables, Chi-square test was performed for categorical variables, and a multivariable model using logistic regression was created to assess for correlates of anal HR-HPV infection. A total of 442 MSM were recruited, with a median age of 45 (IQR 38-50) and an overall HPV prevalence of 82%. The prevalence of any HR-HPV infection was 65.3% and 50.7% in the HIV-positive and HIV-negative MSM, respectively. No participant tested positive for all genotypes covered by the nonavalent vaccine. HIV status (aOR 1.806; 95% CI 1.159-2.816), smoking (aOR 2.176; 95% CI 1.285-3.685) and the number of lifetime sexual partners (aOR 2.466; 95% CI 1.092-5.567) were independent risk factors for anal HR-HPV infection. Our findings will be useful to inform HPV vaccine rollout and HPV prevention strategies in Canadian MSM.Funding Information
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research (TE2-138200)
This publication has 37 references indexed in Scilit:
- Incidence, Clearance, and Persistence of Anal Human Papillomavirus in Men Who Have Sex With Men Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus: Implications for Human Papillomavirus VaccinationSexually Transmitted Diseases, 2019
- Anal intraepithelial neoplasia: diagnosis, screening, and treatmentAnnals of Gastroenterology, 2019
- Towards quality and order in human papillomavirus researchVirology, 2018
- Human papillomavirus types from infection to cancer in the anus, according to sex and HIV status: a systematic review and meta-analysisThe Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2017
- International trends in anal cancer incidence ratesInternational Journal of Epidemiology, 2016
- Summary of the National Advisory Committee on Immunization’s Updated Recommendations on Human Papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines: Nine-valent HPV vaccine and clarification of minimum intervals between doses in the HPV immunization scheduleCanada Communicable Disease Report, 2016
- Anal and penile high-risk human papillomavirus prevalence in HIV-negative and HIV-infected MSMAIDS, 2013
- Anal Human Papillomavirus Genotype Distribution in HIV-Infected Men Who Have Sex with Men by Geographical Origin, Age, and Cytological Status in a Spanish CohortJournal of Clinical Microbiology, 2013
- Cross-roads in the classification of papillomavirusesVirology, 2013
- Anal human papillomavirus infection and associated neoplastic lesions in men who have sex with men: a systematic review and meta-analysisThe Lancet Oncology, 2012