Inequalities in Poverty and Income between Single Mothers and Fathers
Open Access
- 24 December 2019
- journal article
- research article
- Published by MDPI AG in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
- Vol. 17 (1), 135
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010135
Abstract
Background: The American family structure has changed in the past few decades due to a rise in the divorce rate and unmarried women with children. Research suggests a salary disparity between men and women, especially for those women after pregnancy. However, these studies were confined to individuals within traditional families, and there is a lack of information of income disparity and poverty status between single mothers and fathers. The current study explored the disparities in single-parent families based on the household income and the poverty status using a set of nationwide censor data. Methods: The current study used data from the 2011 and 2013 Panel Study of Income Dynamics (N = 1135). Multivariate regression models were used in the analysis. Results: The demographic characteristics of the weighted population showed that taxable income, total income, and poverty status were higher for single fathers than mothers, while non-work income was higher for single mothers than fathers. Single mothers were much more likely to be at the crisis category than single fathers. Multivariate analyses showed that gender, age, marital status, years of experience, and geographic region had effects on taxable income, and only gender, marital status, and region had effects on poverty status. Conclusions: The results suggest that vulnerable group of single mothers was acknowledged according to income and poverty status. Age, marital status, years of experience, and region would be the critical factors for predicting the income and poverty status for single parenthood.Keywords
This publication has 25 references indexed in Scilit:
- The large sample size fallacyScandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences, 2012
- Significance or relevance: what do you use in large samples? About p values, confidence intervals, and effect sizesTransfusion, 2011
- Lack of consensus among competency ratings of the same occupation: Noise or substance?Journal of Applied Psychology, 2010
- A Single Father's Shopping BagJournal of Family Issues, 2009
- Patterns of Single Mothers' Work and Welfare UseJournal of Family Issues, 2007
- Postsecondary Education and Economic Well‐Being of Single Mothers and Single FathersJournal of Marriage and Family, 2004
- The effects of welfare and tax reform: the material well-being of single mothers in the 1980s and 1990sJournal of Public Economics, 2004
- Welfare to Well‐Being Framework for Research, Education, and OutreachJournal of Consumer Affairs, 2000
- Socioeconomic disadvantage and child development.American Psychologist, 1998
- Rags to Rags: Poverty and Mobility in the United StatesAnnual Review of Sociology, 1995