A facile strategy to prepare (N, Ni, P) tri-doped echinus-like porous carbon spheres as advanced anode for lithium ion batteries
- 20 September 2019
- journal article
- research article
- Published by IOP Publishing in Nanotechnology
- Vol. 30 (49), 495403
- https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6528/ab3f07
Abstract
Heteroatom doped carbon nanomaterials are often employed as advanced anodes for lithium ion batteries (LIBs) because of their stable structure, high capacity and low cost. In this work, we proposed a novel strategy to synthesize high density (N, Ni, P) tri-doped echinus-like porous carbon spheres (PCS) by carbonizing a metal-organophosphine framework (MOPF) directly. The MOPF employs riboflavin sodium phosphate (C17H20N4NaO9P) as an organic ligand as well as a nitrogen and phosphorus source to conjugate with Ni(NO3)(2) center dot 6H(2)O. As an anode for LIBs, PCS was demonstrated with discharge capacities that were able to reach 386.5 mAh . g(-1) after 100 cycles at a current density of 0.05 A . g(-1). Besides, the stable reversible capacities were obtained from similar to 459 mAh. g(-1) to similar to 91.8 mAh . g(-1) when the current density was varied from 0.05 to 1 A . g(-1). The good anode performance is attributed to the unique structure of PCS and (N, Ni, P) tri-doping which introduces the additional capacities due to the presence of the 'reservoir effect'. Moreover, the electrochemical analysis implied that the surface-limited capacitive behavior dominantly contributes to the lithium ion storage capacity of the PCS anode.Keywords
Funding Information
- Project of Ningxia key R&D plan (2018BEE03013)
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