Characterization of the domestic goat γδ T cell receptor gene loci and gene usage
- 21 January 2021
- journal article
- research article
- Published by Springer Science and Business Media LLC in Immunogenetics
- Vol. 73 (2), 187-201
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00251-021-01203-y
Abstract
Goats and cattle diverged 30 million years ago but retain similarities in immune system genes. Here, the caprine T cell receptor (TCR) gene loci and transcription of its genes were examined and compared to cattle. We annotated the TCR loci using an improved genome assembly (ARS1) of a highly homozygous San Clemente goat. This assembly has already proven useful for describing other immune system genes including antibody and leucocyte receptors. Both the TCRγ (TRG) and TCRδ (TRD) loci were similarly organized in goats as in cattle and the gene sequences were highly conserved. However, the number of genes varied slightly as a result of duplications and differences occurred in mutations resulting in pseudogenes. WC1+ γδ T cells in cattle have been shown to use TCRγ genes from only one of the six available cassettes. The structure of that Cγ gene product is unique and may be necessary to interact with WC1 for signal transduction following antigen ligation. Using RT-PCR and PacBio sequencing, we observed the same restriction for goat WC1+ γδ T cells. In contrast, caprine WC1+ and WC1− γδ T cell populations had a diverse TCRδ gene usage although the propensity for particular gene usage differed between the two cell populations. Noncanonical recombination signal sequences (RSS) largely correlated with restricted expression of TCRγ and δ genes. Finally, caprine γδ T cells were found to incorporate multiple TRD diversity gene sequences in a single transcript, an unusual feature among mammals but also previously observed in cattle.Keywords
Funding Information
- USDA NIFA (2015-06970)
- Agricultural Research Service (5090-31000-026-00-D)
- Agricultural Research Service (3040-31000-100-00-D)
This publication has 60 references indexed in Scilit:
- γδT Cells Cross-Link Innate and Adaptive Immunity inMycobacterium tuberculosisInfectionJournal of Immunology Research, 2011
- Prediction of cytochrome P450 isoform responsible for metabolizing a drug moleculeBMC Pharmacology, 2010
- BLAST-EXPLORER helps you building datasets for phylogenetic analysisBMC Evolutionary Biology, 2010
- Annotation and classification of the bovine T cell receptor delta genesBMC Genomics, 2010
- Characterization of arrangement and expression of the T cell receptor γ locus in the sandbar sharkProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2009
- Mechanics of T cell receptor gene rearrangementCurrent Opinion in Immunology, 2009
- Phylogeny.fr: robust phylogenetic analysis for the non-specialistNucleic Acids Research, 2008
- Comparative genomic analysis and evolution of the T cell receptor loci in the opossum Monodelphis domesticaBMC Genomics, 2008
- Genomic organization and recombinational unit duplication-driven evolution of ovine and bovine T cell receptor gamma lociBMC Genomics, 2008
- The genomic sequence of the bovine T cell receptor gamma TRG loci and localization of the TRGC5 cassetteVeterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2007