The beef supply chain has many segments for live animals and beef products. Live cattle are sold from the ranch to the stocker to the feedlot and then to the packer. Animals get sick due to an overwhelming exposure to a pathogen or a suppressed immune system. Many times, disease infections can occur in one segment of the industry but not present clinically until the cattle are stressed during transfer to a subsequent beef production segment in the supply chain. These diseases can have an impact on cattle reproductive efficiency, performance efficiency, food safety, and economics due to decrease animal health. The lack of vaccination, biosecurity, and diagnostic surveillance can result in animals being exposed to disease causing pathogens on the ranch, during marketing, or after they arrive at the feedlot. New animals entering the herd can bring diseases into a cow/calf operation. Calves leaving a cow/calf operation can carry agents such as infectious bovine rhinotracheaitis, bovine viral diarrhea, Leptospira bacteria, bovine leukosis virus and other pathogens into the stocker, backgrounder, or feedlot operation. Commingling occurs routinely in auction markets and feedlots. We can decrease disease exposure through diagnostic monitoring, biosecurity, and proper vaccination programs. We can improve the functioning immune system through preparing cattle for market transfer through animal husbandry, nutrition, comfort, and more. Health management in the beef supply chain is dependent on decreasing disease exposure and decreasing stress in cattle.