Emerging Roles of Estrogen-Regulated Enhancer and Long Non-Coding RNAs
Open Access
- 25 May 2020
- journal article
- review article
- Published by MDPI AG in International Journal of Molecular Sciences
- Vol. 21 (10), 3711
- https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103711
Abstract
Genome-wide RNA sequencing has shown that only a small fraction of the human genome is transcribed into protein-coding mRNAs. While once thought to be “junk” DNA, recent findings indicate that the rest of the genome encodes many types of non-coding RNA molecules with a myriad of functions still being determined. Among the non-coding RNAs, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and enhancer RNAs (eRNA) are found to be most copious. While their exact biological functions and mechanisms of action are currently unknown, technologies such as next-generation RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and global nuclear run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) have begun deciphering their expression patterns and biological significance. In addition to their identification, it has been shown that the expression of long non-coding RNAs and enhancer RNAs can vary due to spatial, temporal, developmental, or hormonal variations. In this review, we explore newly reported information on estrogen-regulated eRNAs and lncRNAs and their associated biological functions to help outline their markedly prominent roles in estrogen-dependent signaling.Keywords
Funding Information
- Cancer Prevention and Research Institute of Texas (RR170020)
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