Ratio of Pathological Response to Preoperative Chemotherapy in Patients Undergoing Complete Cytoreduction and Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Correlates with Survival

Abstract

Background Pathological response of colorectal peritoneal metastasis (CRPM) may affect prognosis. We investigated the relationship between oncological outcomes and pathological response to chemotherapy of CRPM following cytoreductive surgery (CRS) and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC). Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of a prospectively maintained Peritoneal Surface Malignancies database between 2015 and 2020. Analysis included patients with CRPM who underwent a CRS/HIPEC procedure (n = 178). The cohort was divided into three groups according to the response ratio (ratio of tumor-positive specimens to the total number of specimens resected): Group A, complete response; Group B, high response ratio, and Group C, low response ratio. Results The group demographics were similar, but the overall complication rate was higher in Group C (65.2%) compared with Groups A (55%) and B (42.8%) [p = 0.03]. Survival correlated to response ratio; the estimated median disease-free survival of Group C was 9.1 months (5.97–12.23), 14.9 months (4.72–25.08) for Group B, and was not reached in Group A (p = 0.001). The estimated median overall survival in Group C was 35 months (26.69–43.31), and was not reached in Groups A and B (p = 0.001). Conclusions The pathological response ratio to systemic therapy correlates with survival in patients undergoing CRS/HIPEC. This study supports the utilization of preoperative therapy for better patient selection, with a potential impact on survival.