Osmotic Delamination: A Forceless Alternative for the Production of Nanosheets Now in Highly Polar and Aprotic Solvents
- 27 December 2020
- journal article
- research article
- Published by American Chemical Society (ACS) in Langmuir
- Vol. 37 (1), 461-468
- https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c03113
Abstract
Repulsive osmotic delamination is thermodynamically allowed “dissolution” of two-dimensional (2D) materials and therefore represents an attractive alternative to liquid-phase exfoliation to obtain strictly monolayered nanosheets with an appreciable aspect ratio with quantitative yield. However, osmotic delamination was so far restricted to aqueous media, severely limiting the range of accessible 2D materials. Alkali-metal intercalation compounds of MoS2 or graphite are excluded because they cannot tolerate even traces of water. We now succeeded in extending osmotic delamination to polar and aprotic organic solvents. Upon complexation of interlayer cations of synthetic hectorite clay by crown ethers, either 15-crown-5 or 18-crown-6, steric pressure is exerted, which helps in reaching the threshold separation required to trigger osmotic delamination based on translational entropy. This way, complete delamination in water-free solvents like aprotic ethylene and propylene carbonate, N-methylformamide, N-methylacetamide, and glycerol carbonate was achieved.Keywords
Funding Information
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 1357 / B2, SFB 1357 / C2)
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