The impact of resilience on healthy aging with multiple sclerosis

Abstract

Purpose The aim of this study was to identify characteristics of older persons with multiple sclerosis (MS) reporting high and low levels of resilience. We also examined the influence of resilience on three key elements of healthy aging: level of disability, participation and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Methods Data were extracted from the Canadian Survey of Health, Lifestyle and Aging with MS (n = 743). Lifestyle, psychological health, and quality of life variables were compared between people with high and low resilience scores controlling for confounding variables. We used hierarchical regression to determine the unique contribution of resilience and related variables to healthy aging. Results Roughly, 1 in 5 respondents reported high resilience (18.8%), while 1 in 3 reported low resilience (33.9%). The group having higher resilience scores lived with less disability (similar to 10%) and fatigue, reported greater participation, exercised more, consumed a healthier diet and lived with greater social support and financial security, compared to the lower scoring group. Resilience added only 1-2% of predictive value explaining disability, participation and HRQoL when confounding variables were accounted for. Years since diagnosis, type of MS, depression, fatigue and resilience significantly predicted healthy aging. Conclusion Resilience contributed minimally (but significantly) to healthy aging. Older participants scoring higher on resilience reported healthier lifestyle behaviors (more exercise, better diet) and social/financial support compared to lower scoring respondents. Our findings suggest that self-management programs for older persons with MS should focus on three key factors to foster healthy aging: depression, fatigue and resilience.